Silk
Screening
 Silk
screening, screenprinting or serigraphy is a printmaking technique
that creates a sharp-edged image using a stencil. The technique
began its life in the early 1900s, when American graphic artists
began using it as part of industrial technology. Its current applications
include printing images on T-shirts, hats, dvds, ceramics, glass,
paper, metal and wood.
Graphic screenprinting is popular today because it is possible to
mass produce graphics for posters or display stands. Full color
prints can be created by printing in CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow
and black). Screenprinting is often preferred over other processes
such as dye sublimation (a computer printer process which employs
a printing process that uses heat to transfer dye to a medium such
as a plastic card, printer paper or poster paper) or inkjet printing
because of its low cost and ability to print on many types of media.
Screenprinting has its origins in simple stencilling. The Japanese
form known as katazome- which employed holes in banana peels through
which to shoot dye onto fabric for clothing- was among the first
 forms
of modern screenprinting. This process was adopted in France. The
modern screenprinting process originated from patents taken out
by Samuel Simon in 1907 in England. It made its way to San Francisco
and John Pilsworth in 1914. He adapted screenprinting to form multicolor
prints in a subtractive mode, differing from screenprinting as it
is done today.
Screenprinting really took off during the First World War as an
industrial process for printing flags and banners. The use of photographic
stencils at this time made the process more versatile and encouraged
widespread use.
For art - silkscreening is a stencil process of printmaking where
an image is imposed on a screen of silk or other fine mesh, with
blank areas coated with an impermeable substance, and ink is forced
through the mesh onto the printing surface. Andy Warhol and Robert
Raushenberg used silkscreens as a means of applying paint to canvases.
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